Zeppole for La Festa di San Giuseppe

Today (19 March) is La Festa di San Giuseppe (the Feast of Saint Joseph), a Catholic feast day celebrating the earthly father of Jesus.  Celebrations in the middle of Lent are usually non-existent, but since it's St. Joseph's day, sweets and celebrations are the order of the day!  Go to a Catholic church and you might find all sorts of things going on, from processions to St. Joseph's Tables/Altars laden with all sorts of goodies. Some of my favorite goodies that are made around this time of the year are zeppole.

San Giuseppe

Zeppole are deep-fried balls of dough, covered in powdered sugar.  Simple, but extremely delicious.  It's quite easy to make your own, which in my opinion is the best way to do it, since they are at their most delicious when they're still hot!

To make zeppole, start with 1 teaspoon of active dry yeast and 2 teaspoons of sugar.

I know it looks like there is more yeast than sugar here,
but it spread out a bit more than the sugar.

Then add 3/4 cup of warm water and stir for 2 minutes until the yeast and sugar is dissolved.

In another bowl, mix 1 1/2 cups of flour with 1 teaspoon of salt.

Then, pour in the yeast mixture and mix until it's all blended.

The dough will be super sticky.  It's normal.  Cover with a cloth and set in a warm spot to rise for an hour. (I usually wet a paper towel with warm water, wring it out and place it over the bowl, then I place a tea towel on top of that.  That way, when it rises, it won't get stuck to the tea towel.)

When it's ready, it will look something like this:

Very poofy, yet still sticky

Pour some vegetable oil in a pan until it is about 2 inches deep.  Keep the oil heated to 190°C /375°F. Drop dough, 1 teaspoon at a time, into the hot oil and cook until golden in color.

Remove from the oil and drain (I use a couple paper towels over a cooling rack).  Then toss in powdered sugar.

These little puffs are absolutely delicious and so easy to make, you really have no excuse not to try it yourself!

Zeppole

1 1/2 cups flour
1 teaspoon salt
vegetable oil for frying
1 teaspoon active dry yeast
2 teaspoons sugar
3/4 cup warm water
powdered sugar

Combine the yeast and sugar in a small bowl and add the warm water.  Stir for 2 minutes to completely dissolve the yeast and sugar.
In a large bowl, combine the flour and salt.  Add the yeast mixture and stir until blended.  Cover and place in a warm place to rise for 1 hour.
Pour the vegetable oil into a pan until it is 2 inches deep.  Heat to 190°C /375°F.  Drop the dough, 1 teaspoon at a time, into the hot oil and fry until golden in color.
Remove from the oil and drain on a paper towel, then toss in some powdered sugar.

Buon Appetito!

Winter Lunch Lasagne

Winter weather in Tuscany usually involves a lot of rain, fog, and chilly days.  Occasionally it will snow, but normally the snow doesn't stick around very long.  I prefer to just see it adorning the mountain tops several kilometers away!

Snow on the mountains above Florence

One part of winter that I adore is all of the heartier meals that are prepared!  Comfort food at it's best!  Roasts, stews, and soups all prepared to fill the belly and warm the soul.

Lasagne, ready to pop into the oven

Lasagne  is one of my favorite treats to make and enjoy during the winter months.  We don't eat it often, but it is a wonderfully nice treat to have on occasion when the weather is chilly!  Plus, if you need to feed a crowd, it's perfect.

This is not the lasagne that you may be used to finding in Italian restaurants in the US.  There is no mozzarella or ricotta cheeses.  Instead, the traditional recipe uses a besciamella sauce (which you may know as béchamel or "white sauce"),  Simone and I created this recipe last winter when we wanted to have lasagne for lunch, but didn't want to pay for the pre-made stuff at the supermarket.  It's our take on traditional lasagne.

Simone was proud of our creation!

You'll notice that the word "slowly" is used quite a lot in the recipe, especially in the instructions on how to make the ragù (meat sauce).  It is really important that you take your time when you cook the sauces in order to get the correct consistency and flavor.  If there is one thing I've learned when it comes to cooking traditional Italian food, it's to not be in a hurry!  Believe me, it is well worth the time spent!

Lasagne, fresh from the oven

Lasagne

1 package lasagne pasta 
200 grams (or so) grated Parmigiano Reggiano cheese (approximately 1 1/2 cups, or so)

For the ragù:
Extra-virgin olive oil (about 4 Tablespoons)
500 g (about 1 lb) ground beef
1 carrot, finely minced
1 rib of celery, finely minced
1 onion, finely minced
2 cloves garlic, finely minced
2 cans crushed tomatoes
1 glass red wine (we use Chianti)
salt and pepper, to taste

For the besciamella:
750 ml (a little over 3 cups) milk 
75 g (about 3/4 stick) butter, cut into pieces
75 g (a little under 3/4 cup) flour
pinch of nutmeg
pinch of salt

For the ragù:
In a large pan over low heat, very slowly cook the carrot, celery, onion, garlic in about 4 Tablespoons olive oil until soft.  Stir in the tomatoes and let simmer.  Meanwhile in another pan, slowly cook the ground beef, stirring frequently until browned and finely crumbled.  Drain the fat and then stir the meat into the tomato sauce.  Add the glass of wine and let slowly simmer, partially covered for at least 2 hours, stirring occasionally.  Season with salt and pepper to taste.

For the besciamella:
Over low heat, melt the butter in a saucepan.  Stir in the flour (I usually use a very small whisk) and let cook for a for a few minutes, stirring constantly.  Remove the pan from the heat and stir in the milk with a wooden spoon, mixing well.  Return the pan to the burner and let cook over low heat until it begins to boil, then stir in the salt and nutmeg.  Cover the saucepan with a lid and let simmer for 15 minutes, stirring occasionally.  

For the lasagne:
About the pasta:  Barilla makes an oven-ready lasagne noodle that I have found in the US.  If you use these, you don't have to pre-cook the pasta at all.  If it is the regular dried variety, cook it in boiling salted water until almost al dente, then drain (Simone then likes to rinse the lasagne noodles with cool water in order to help it to not stick together).

Drizzle a little olive oil on the bottom of a lasagne pan, then spread some of the meat sauce over top (I just use a big spoonful, which is probably around 1/2 - 2/3 of a cup).  Then layer as follows:
1. pasta
2. besciamella
3. ragù
4. parmigiano reggiano (a generous portion)

Usually we make 3 - 4 layers.  End with the parmigiano reggiano and then bake in a pre-heated 160°C / 325 °F oven for around 50-60 minutes.  When it is done, it's surface will be beautifully golden in color.  Remove from the oven and let cool for 10 minutes before cutting into slices.

Buon appetito!

Tuscan Diet - Dairy

Tuscany produces a wonderful array of cheeses, so there is no doubt that like all of the other elements of their diet, Tuscans take their dairy seriously.

A light supper of pecorino cheese, multicereale bread,
cinghiale sausage and walnuts

Many cheeses in Tuscany are made from sheep or goat's milk, such as caprino, and my personal favorite, pecorino.  Fresh ricotta can be made with sheep, goat or cow milk and is delightfully smooth and creamy.  Other typical Tuscan produced cheeses include raviggiolo (a soft, fresh cheese) and caciotta (a soft crust cheese).

A wonderful etruscan pecorino

Of course another very famous dairy concoction that can be found in Tuscany is gelato!  Gelato was created by Bernardo Buontalenti, a Florentine cook who created the delicious dessert for Catherine de'Medici....and the rest is history!  Florence has tons of gelaterie (gelato shops) serving up mounds of creamy gelato year-round.  Gelato is similar to ice cream found in the US, but believe me...gelato is much better!  It's wonderful dense creaminess is due to it being churned at a slower pace, which causes less air to be incorporated into the dessert.  It also has less fat in it than US ice cream, which helps to intensify the flavor and not coat the mouth like ice cream does.

Caffè (coffee) , fiordilatte (a plain "flower of milk" flavor),
and nocciola (hazelnut) gelato at GROM in Florence

As wonderful as their cheese and gelato are, dairy is much more minor element in the Tuscan diet.  Personally, we enjoy an occasional glass of milk and yogurt (Italian yogurt is fabulous!), but for the most part, a very small percentage of our diet consists of dairy products.  Olive oil is preferred over butter, and we don't use a lot of cream in our recipes like some other folks do, simply because we prefer to eat in a more health-conscious way.  

A variety of Italian  yogurt

Occasionally we will make what Simone calls a "cake" with yogurt.  Simone created the recipe and it's very simple.  He lines a casserole dish with savoiardi biscuits (ladyfinger cookies) and then spoons a layer of yogurt on top.  He keeps layering the cookies and yogurt until it is almost to the top of the dish, then he places it into the refrigerator overnight.  By the time morning arrives, the yogurt has softened the crisp svoiardi and he spoons it up to serve.  We eat it for breakfast occasionally or as a dessert.  You can make it with whatever flavor of yogurt you prefer, or do like Simone does sometimes and use a different flavor for each layer. 

Tuscan Diet - Bread, Pasta, Grains

As I've mentioned before, the ancient Etruscans developed farms across the fertile land of Tuscany (or, rather, Etruria, as it was known back then) and along with vegetables and fruit, planted many forms of grains, such as farro and millet.  The land was so fertile, as a matter of fact, that the Etruscans were able to supply grain on the occasion that Rome was suffering from famine!

Today, grains remain an important part of the Tuscan diet.  For example, farro, a nutty flavored grain high in fiber and vitamin B3 and zinc, can be found in soups, salads and a multitude of other dishes.

Fresh bread baked in a wood burning oven
 at a bread bakery in Poggio a Caiano

Pane toscano, Tuscan bread, is as basic of a bread as you can get:  flour, yeast and water.  No salt at all.  Why no salt?  Blame the Pisans.  According to legend, around the year 1100, Pisa (a port city) blocked the shipment of salt from reaching Florence, attempting to force the Florentine troops to surrender in battle (Pisa and Florence were enemies for centuries).  However, their plan didn't work...the Florentines simply made their bread without salt!  To this day, traditional Tuscan bread does not have salt in its recipe.  This may not seem palatable to some (and on its own, it does taste rather bland), but when eaten with Tuscan dishes, it is quite complementary and goes very well with the types of food eaten in Tuscany, since the bread does not overpower the taste of the food.  Tuscans seem to put bread in everything.  It's in their soups and it's the biggest ingredient in panzanella, a bread salad!

Fresh pane toscano and prosciutto - best sandwich ever!

When you think of Italian food, I'm sure pasta is one of the first things that come to mind.  Pasta has been around Tuscany since the time of the Etruscans.  Archaeologists discovered proof that around 3000 years ago, Etruscans prepared a wheat and egg pasta-type food.

Fresh pasta at the local supermarket

There are well over 300 different pasta shapes...wide, narrow, flat, round, shapes, filled...you could have pasta for months without having the same shape twice!  Don't think that pasta is off limits if you are "on a diet".  Simone has a personal rule for us that we only eat pasta for lunch and not for dinner, since you tend to burn off more energy during the day than in the evening, especially since we may not eat dinner until 8pm in Italy.

Fusilli con cozze (fusilli pasta with mussels)

Tuscan Diet - Fish and Seafood

Tuscany has over 250 km of coastline and many lakes and rivers within the region, so you can imagine that there is plenty of fresh fish and seafood available.

Fish and seafood for sale at the Mercato Centrale in Florence

Tuscans have included fish in their diet for centuries.  I absolutely love fish and to be in a region where there is an abundance is such a treat for me, considering I'm from the midwestern US where practically any and all fish found at supermarkets is (or was) frozen.

Palombo (dogfish) with olives and sage in olive oil

Orate (sea bream), branzino (sea bass), polpo (octopus), cozze (mussels), acciughe (anchovies), vongole (clams), calamari (squid) can all normally be found at pescherie (fish markets) and supermarkets around Tuscany.

Polpo (octopus) and ingredients before being dropped into the pot

Low in fat, calories and cholesterol, fish make a very healthy addition to your diet.  They are great sources of protein, vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids.  Omega-3's are incredibly heart healthy, so it's important to make sure you get some in your diet.

Muscles in pasta with cherry tomatoes

We eat fish and seafood in a multitude of ways.  Sometimes we toss the fish in a little flour and fry it up in olive oil.  Other times, we bake whole fish in the oven stuffed with herbs and lemon and drizzled with some olive oil.  Mussels in pasta sauces, boiled octopus, fritto misto (fried mixed seafood)...it's all delicious and all quite nutritious!

Fried latterini (smelt)

Baccalà  is one of our favorite fish to eat.  is salted cod, which looks rather unappetizing in its dried, salted form, but once it's soaked and cooked, it is absolutely delicious.  In Italy, you can find it dried as well as in its bagnato (wet) form.  Our favorite way to cook it is the way they do in Livorno.  Baccalà alla Livornese is a simple recipe, cooking the fish with a delightful tomato sauce, which is absolutely fabulous! 

Baccalà alla Livornese

800 grams baccalà bagnato (already soaked)
2 Tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
400 grams tomatoes (I used canned polpa, or crushed tomatoes, but you could use fresh and chop them up)
2 cloves garlic, chopped
parsley, chopped
salt and pepper (if needed)

Cut the baccalà into cubes around 2 inches (5 cm).  Rinse and squeeze dry.  Lightly flour the fish and and place into a heated pan with olive oil.  Fry all sides until brown.  Add tomatoes and garlic.  Cook a few minutes and add salt, if needed (it very well might not need salt, so be sure to taste it before you add any).  To finish the dish, sprinkle with parsley and cook for a couple more minutes before serving.

Tuscan Diet - Fruit

Wandering through Tuscany, you will see fruit just about everywhere.  Grape vineyards abound, as do olive (yes, olives are technically a fruit!), lemon, cachi (persimmon), fig, and other fruit trees.

Tiny citrus fruits in Poggio a Caiano

Fruit is an important part of the Tuscan diet.  We eat fruit several times a day in Italy...sometimes as part of breakfast, but more often following lunch and dinner.

Fruit (and vegetables) for sale at Mercato Centrale in Florence

It was something that I had to get used to.  I have always liked fruit, but when I went to Italy, I was not used to it being served after every meal.  As soon as we would finish our meal, Simone would insist that I eat fruit!  Now I don't even think twice about it and I always reach for fruit after a meal.

Uva di tavola (table grapes)

I'm sure that you already know how important fruit is to incorporate into your diet.  Along with vegetables, they provide numerous vitamins and minerals, as well as antioxidants and fiber.

Simone peeling a nespole (loquat)

We eat any and all fruit types, but we do make sure to eat what is in season.  Grapes, pears and apples in the fall, kiwis and citrus in the winter (I ate so many clementines in December this past year, I just about turned into one!), berries in the summer, and lemons year round.  Typically, in Italy, if it isn't in season, you probably won't be able to easily find it at the market.

Cachi - a soft fleshed persimmon (my favorite!)

A great way to incorporate fruits in your diet is to keep a bowl of fresh fruit on your table.  Having fresh fruit readily available and in sight is a good reminder to eat your fruit after meals.

Fresh fruit or cooked fruit, it's all good!  One of Simone's favorite things to do with fruit in the winter is to cook apples.  It's super easy and incredibly delicious!  Peel an apple (or two or three...or however many you want) and cut it into slices.  How you want to cook it is up to you.  If you want to use a microwave, place the apple slices into a bowl, sprinkle with some cinnamon and add a spoonful of water.  Cover with a lid (or a plate) and cook for several minutes (the time will depend on how many apples you are using and how thick they are cut...just check them periodically throughout the cooking time to monitor their progress.)  If you prefer, you can cook them on the stovetop.  In that case, place the slices in a small pot and add the cinnamon and a little water.  Cover the pot and cook over a medium flame until softened.  Buono!

Cooked apples alongside a grilled pork chop and asparagus

The Tuscan Diet - Vegetables

The ancient Etruscans were incredible people.  They had an amazing sense of engineering, geology, and agriculture/land development.  Archaeologists discovered that around 700 BC, the Etruscans had developed drainage and irrigation of the land, which led to bountiful groves, fields and gardens.

Needless to say, vegetables remain as a large and important part of the Tuscan diet to this day.

A vegetable vendor at the Mercato Centrale in Florence

Full of vitamins, minerals and other nutrients, there is no denying that vegetables should be a major part of your diet.

Tuscan zucchini

A multitude of different vegetables can be found in the markets in Tuscany.  Some of my favorites are zucchini, melanzane (eggplant), cavolo nero (black kale), carciofi (artichokes), cardi (cardoons), asperagi (asparagus), peperoni (peppers), and spinaci (spinach).  Admittedly, I am a big fan of veggies!

Cardi (cardoons) cut up and ready to be cooked

Buying the freshest possible produce is important, so sticking with buying things that are in season is something I try to do.  Of course what is in season where you live may be different from what is in season where I live, so if you would like to find out when the best time of year to buy vegetables in your area, then do an internet search for seasonal vegetables in your area.

Cavolo Nero (black or lacinato kale)

I could go on and on about the different vegetables - what to look for in buying fresh produce, how to store and prepare them - but then this post would end up being entirely too long!  (In future posts, I may try to feature a vegetable now and then in order to give more specific information and how to prepare it.)

A good recipe using a lot of different vegetables is Minestrone.  The beans and the pasta in the soup make it quite filling.  It's very flavorful and makes a really great meal on a cold winter's day!

Minestrone

4 or 5 Tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
2 oz. diced pancetta
1/2 of a medium onion, chopped
1/2 cup chopped basil
1/2 pound yellow potatoes, peeled and diced
1 diced carrot
1/2 pound cavolo nero (black or lacinato kale), chopped
1 diced celery stalk
1 head of lettuce, chopped
2 or 3 small diced zucchini
1/4 pound string beans
2 or 3 ripe plum or roma tomatoes, peeled and chopped
1 can of cannelini beans, drained and rinsed
beef broth
1/2 pound short pasta (I use ditalini)

Heat the olive oil over medium heat in a large pot.  Saute the pancetta, onion and basil.  Add all vegetables except tomatoes.  Salt and pepper to taste, cover and let cook for 10 minutes.  Add the tomatoes and beans, and enough broth to cover everything.  Cook slowly for 2 hours, covered, stirring occasionally to prevent sticking.  Add more broth or water as needed.
After 2 hours, add the pasta and cook for 10 minutes.  When pasta is done, the soup is ready to eat.  Serve hot, drizzled with a little extra-virgin olive oil.

The Tuscan Diet - Introduction

It always surprised my friends to here me say that I lost weight whenever I would go to Italy.  "How is that even POSSIBLE??" some would say to me.

Really though, if you look at Italians in Italy, most of them are quite trim!  The lifestyle there includes a lot of outdoor activities and walking, there aren't fast food restaurants on every corner, and food is prepared with fresh and seasonal ingredients.

Fresh produce, olive oil and other tasty Tuscan foods
at the Mercato Centrale (Central Market) in Florence

I was introduced to Tuscan foods by Simone when I first set foot in Italy 3 years ago.  I really enjoyed the combination of flavors and the fact that everything was so FRESH.  I had heard before that the diet of Mediterranean countries is probably one of the most healthy diets in the world, but I never realized how delicious it could be!  I was a convert from the start...especially when I discovered how EASY it is to prepare!

I haven't bought pasta sauce in 3 years, since I found out
how easy it was to make my own!

Over the next few days, I will discuss the various elements that comprise the Tuscan diet.  These are all things that can be found anywhere and easily incorporated into your own diet, bringing a little bit of Tuscany into your own life!  Stay tuned!

New Year's Eve Traditions in Tuscany

Like much of the world, Tuscany views New Year's Eve as a great reason to throw a party.  Food, drink, music and fireworks are found all across the region...and the country!  In Florence, there are several free concerts going on, as usual.  This year, Max Pezzali (a famous Italian pop star) will be performing in Piazza Santa Maria Novella (for free)!  (The video below is the video for the song "Sempre Noi", where Max sings with Italian rapper, J-Ax)

Fireworks WILL be happening at midnight in just about every town, along with loud firecrackers.  If you're in Italy at midnight on New Year's, you might think that you are in a war zone with all of the pop-pop-popping going on!

Most every nightclub will have loud parties filled with dancing and various alcoholic beverages, but if you're like me and don't like crowds, a quiet celebration at home or shared with a small group of friends is more up your alley.  You can easily put together a nice little party and include some Tuscan influences.

For the New Year's toast, serve some spumanti or prosecco (or both!).  You can find these sparkling wines at most good groceries or wine shops.  Toast to the new year by saying something along the lines of "anno nuovo, vita nuova" - new year, new life!  A great way to herald in a new start to a new year and a new way of life!

Of course, any good festa includes a lot of good food.  For La Festa di San Silvestro, which is what is celebrated on New Year's Eve in Italy, the star of the show is cotechino and lentils, which are eaten for good luck in the coming year.

Cotechino is a boiled sausage and is rather fatty, so I tend to only splurge on it once a year.  You may not be able to find it at your local supermarket, but it can be found available on Amazon.com.

The lentils are prepared rather simply and are extremely delicious!  Here's a recipe for the lentils that we make each year.  Sometimes we add tomato, sometimes we add sage, but this is our basic "go-to" version.

Basic Lentils

Extra-virgin olive oil
1 small onion
1 medium carrot
1 celery stalk
1 garlic clove
1 1/2 cup lentils
1 bay leaf
Salt
Pepper

Finely chop the onion, carrot and celery.  Smash and peel the clove of garlic.  Heat a small amount (around 2 Tablespoons or so) of olive oil in a pan over medium heat and add the vegetables.  Cook a few minutes, stirring often, until the vegetables are soft.  Add the lentils and bay leaf and cover with water (about 1 inch or so above the lentils).  Bring to a simmer and lower the heat to medium-low.  Continue to simmer gently, stirring every so often.  (If you're cooking a cotechino, you can add a little bit of that water as well in order to help flavor it.)  Cook for about 30-40 minutes, adding more water if needed along the way.  Drain any remaining water from the pan when done and remove the garlic clove and the bay leaf.  Season with salt and pepper to taste and serve.


Buon nuovo anno a tutti!  Happy New Year to all!  May the coming year bring much happiness, prosperity and good health.

And I hope that one of your resolutions is to put a little Tuscany into your life!